Phytochemical analysis and acute oral toxicity study of the ethanolic leaves extract of Plectranthus amboinensis (Lour) spreng
2013
Norazsida R. | Pakeer, O. | Muhammad Taher, B. | EI-Hady, Hassan M.
Phytochemical analysis on the crude ethanolic extract of leaves of Malaysian Plectranthus amboinensis (Lour.) Spreng was carried out to delineate the presence of its chemical constituents like alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, triterpenoid and phenolic compounds. Acute oral toxicity at one dose level of 5000 mgjkg as per DECO Guideline for Testing of Chemicals 423 was conducted to evaluate the safety of this extract to be consumed by humans. Twenty mice were divided into one control group and one experimental group. The mice were observed for signs of toxicity, mortality, weight changes and gross pathological changes. Results from phytochemical analysis indicated that only flavanoid was present in the extract. The acute oral toxicity test revealed that no mortality or evidence of adverse effects was observed in the treated mice. Studies on histopathological examination of kidneys and liver showed normal architecture suggesting no morphological changes. Thus, this ethanolic extract of leave P. amboinensis can be considered as safe as it neither cause lethality nor adverse changes in mice.
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