Biological aspects and vase life of Dendrobium orchid diploid and tetraploid derived from tissue culture
1986
Ratchanee Therapotchanart
Results showed that the chromosomes number of the diploid plants was recorded as 2n=38 while the tetraploid plants had 2n=76. The quantitative characters of tetraploids were greater than those of diploids in peduncle length and diameter, pedicel length, flower size and weight including petal size and thickness. Anatomical structures of diploid and tetraploid plants were observed to be the same pattern, but the cell size, the number and stomatal size of tetraploid cultivar exhibited larger than that of the diploid. Anomocytic stomata were found in lower leaf surface both lo1723wer and upper petal surface. Root velamen or multiple epidermis was observed in all studied plants. Few stomata were noticed on cross section of pedicel epidermis, and druse crystal in ground tissue of pedicel was observable. Leaf mesophyll were not differentiated as palisade layer and spongy layer. The midrib developed a larger collateral bundle than in those other veins. Collateral bundles of the rhizome and peduncle were found in ground tissue and between sclerenchyma cell, whereas those of pseudo-bulb and pedicel were seen scattered in the ground tissue. There were no significant differences between diploid and tetraploid in vase life, time of first-flower wilting, number of bud and flower drop, and number of blooming flowers during the experimental pe
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