Dormant and postblossom application of OP insecticides: a comparison of their effects on pests and beneficials in apple orchards
1989
Sechser, B. (Ciba-Geigy Ltd., Basel (Switzerland). Agricultural Div.) | Ruzette, M.A. | Engelhardt, M.
Dormant and postblossom spraying programs were compared in two Swiss apple orchards with the aim of evaluating their impact on the whole arthropod complex. The programs used mineral oil and a ready mixture of mineral oil and methidathion as a dormant spray for control of winter eggs of the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi, several aphid species including Aphis pomi, Dysaphis spp., and the apple psyllid, Psylla mali. Phosphamidon and azinphosmethyl were mainly applied to suppress codling moth, Cydia pomonella. Pirimicarb was used against mobile stages of aphids and, where necessary, cyhexatin for European red mite control in both orchards. Apple scab and mildew were controlled by a mixture of penconazol and captan in all plots, including the untreated check. The dormant sprays resulted in acceptable suppression of the overwintering pests and had no delaying effect on the appearance of predators at the beginning of the growing season. Both postblossom treatments gave satisfactory codling moth control and allowed a sufficiently high increase of predator density to contribute substantially to the reduction of mite population
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