Effects of irrigation on growth and quality traits of sugarbeet root (Beta vulgaris L.) [in Emilia-Romagna]
1992
Mambelli, S. | Benati, R. | Amaducci, M.T. | Venturi, G. (Bologna Univ. (Italy). Istituto di Agronomia Generale e Coltivazioni Erbacee)
The effects of irrigation, at a rate of 60% ETM, on two sugarbeet types (NZ type, "Monfort" and E type, "Kawegigamono") were tested over a three-years period of varying rainfall extent: high in 1986, average but concentrated in spring in 1988 and low in 1987. The parameters monitored in the trials at the University of Bologna's Cadriano Station were root growth, the evolution of sucrose percentage and the main sugarbeet impurities (sodium, potassium, alpha-amminic nitrogen, in mmol/100 g of sucrose) in relation to cycle (Growing Degree Days). In comparison to non-irrigated control, water input for the NZ type induced root biomass increase in 1986 and 1987, when irrigation began earlier, average sucrose decreases (1-3 polarimetric degrees) and rises of sodium content that were but partially offset by a reduction in alpha-amminic nitrogen. In the E type it resulted in root biomass increase in all trial years, and no effect on sucrose and minimal variations in alpha-amminic nitrogen and sodium contents (this latter decreasing significantly over GDD only in 1986 and 1988). Irrigation did not appear to affect potassium content in these trial conditions. Water input thus enhanced NZ type root biomass in two of the three years but always adversely affected its quality characteristics. In the E type, on the other hand, it increased root biomass without adversely affecting sucrose percentage and recoverable sucrose in two years. However, irrigation in the dry year resulted in the same negative effects recorded in all years for the NZ type, a fact that may also be attributed to the presence of Rhizomania agents in field to which "Kawegigamono" is particularly susceptible
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