[Yield reduction in seven Egyptian wheat cultivars caused by stem rust infection]
1990
El-Daoudi, Y.H. | Shafik, I. | Abouel-Naga, S.A. (Institute of Plant Pathology, Giza (Egypt). Cereal Diseases Div.) | Nazim, M. (Minufiya Univ., Shibin El-Kom (Egypt). Faculty of Agriculture) | Ageez, A.A. (Field Crops Inst., Giza (Egypt). Bread Wheat Div.)
The study assessed wheat yield loss and reduction in 1000-kernel weight caused by stem rust infection, and evaluated the tolerance to the disease of seven Egyptian wheat cultivars. The first experiment was conducted in the 1985-87 seasons at Gemmeiza Agricultural Research Station. Seven widely grown bread wheat cultivars were studied under four treatments: natural plus artificial inoculation, natural inoculation, natural inoculation with partial protection, and natural inoculation with full protection. In the second experiment, about 300 primary tillers of each cultivar were labelled, disease severity recorded, and later individually harvested and 1000-kernel weight calculated. Grain yield differed significantly among treatments and cultivars. The reduction in yield was parallel to stem rust severity. The highest yield reduction, 24 , when averaged over seasons and cultivars, was recorded under the artificial and natural inoculation treatment. Giza 162, the only cultivar showing resistant reaction to the disease, produced the highest yield under all treatments in both seasons. There was a significant interaction between cultivars and treatments. In the second experiment, 1000-kernel weight decreased as the severity of stem rust increased. However, the decrease varied among cultivars. Sakha 69 showed the best performance, with less than 3 reduction in kernel weight at up to 50 stem rust infection. Giza 162 and Sakha 69 are recommended as parents for breeding stem rust resistance/tolerance
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