Recent advances in the development of molecular markers for Hevea studies
1996
Low, F.C. | Safiah Atan | Hafsah Jaafar | Tan, H. (Rubber Research Institute of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia))
Four DNA molecular marker techniques were developed and applied to Hevea studies. These included the conventional Southern-based marker technique called restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) and three polymerase chain reaction amplification-based techniques, viz. random amplified polymorphic DNA, microsatellites and DNA amplification fingerprinting (DAF). These molecular markers were able to elicit interspecific as well as intraspecific polymorphisms. There were also able to assist in several identification studies. Cultivars which share two common parents (siblings), such as PR 255 and PR 261; RRIM 901 and RRIM 905; and RRIM 937 and RRIM 938, were distinguished by their DNA polymorphisms. Similarly, molecular markers had assisted the identification of 'rogues' in a sample of monoclonal PB 5/51 seedlings. The genetic diversity of genotypes from the 1981 IRRDB Hevea germplasm collection from brazil was displayed and confirmed by their RFLPs. For the first time, microsatellites had been detected in the Hevea genome. Three microsatellite sequences were detected within one gene (hydroxylmethyl-glutaryl coenzyme A reductase-1). Preliminary evidence suggested that one of these microsatellite sequences (GA)9 was polymorphic. A reduction in the number of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) genes during cell culture was suggested when pTa71, a wheat rDNA probe, was hybridised with digested gDNA obtained from in vitro culture plants. Somaclonal variations were detected among a population of GL 1 plants derived from another and ovule culture by a recently developed DNA fingerprinting technique called DAF. A genetic linkage map comprising of RFLPs and other markers is being constructed. The advantages and disadvantages of these marker technique were compared
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