New monitoring methods of click beatles and wireworms (Coleoptera: Elateridae) in field crops
2001
Gomboc, S. | Milevoj, L. (Ljubljana Univ. (Slovenia). Biotechnical Fac., Agronomy Dept.)
Until now 10 species of genus Agriotes were registered in Slovenia: A. atterimus L., A. acuminatus Steph., A. ustulatus Schall., A. litigiosus Rossi, A. pilosellus Schoenh., A. lineatus L., A. obscurus L., A. sputator L., A. medvedevi Dolin, A. brevis Cand. Most of them are important pests of field crops, particularly wireworms. Due to the hidden live of larvae in the soil and night activity of adults of this genus, previous methods for estimating of bionomy and prognosis were very labour and time consuming, without realiable results. With discovering of female sex pheromones of more important Agriotes species, and with new design of soil bait traps for larvae, we got new methods for more accurate monitoring and risk assesment by this genus. This methods enable exact tracking of adults activity during the season and more exact evaluation of larval population in larger area and are less time consuming. For the capture of beatles different design of sex pheromone traps were used. For crawling species Soil-level traps were used wheares for flying species VARb type traps, placed 40-60 cm above the ground, are more suitable. The period of monitoring for adults is from March (from May by A. ustulatus in A. litigiosus) to the end of August. For trapping of larvae special design of soil bait traps is used, where germinating maize and wheat seeds are used as the bait, with vermiculit for moisture maintainance in the trap. We used this type of monitoring for the first time in the year 2000 in Slovenia on the laboratory field of Biotechnical Faculty in Ljubljana and on the fields of Agricultural Estate Lendava in vicinity of Petisovci, near the Hungarian border. The results were very promissing. The dominant species were A. lineatus in Ljubljana, A. ustulatus and A. sputator in Petisovci.
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