Assisted-selection of naturally caffeine-free coffee cultivars-characterization of SNPs from a methyltransferase gene.
2017
FAVORETTO, P. | SILVA, C. C. da | TAVARES, A. G. | GIATTI, G. | MORAES, P. F. | LOBATO, M. T. V. | SILVAROLLA, M. B. | OLIVEIRO FILHO, G. | MALUF, M. P. | Patrícia Favoretto, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas - IAC; Carla Cristina da Silva, Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Center/UNICAMP; Aline Gomes Tavares, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas - IAC; Gabriela Giatti, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas - IAC; Patrícia Favoretto Moraes, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas - IAC; Mary Tulia Vargas Lobato, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas - IAC; Maria Bernadete Silvarolla, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas - IAC; Guerreiro Oliveiro Filho, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas - IAC; MIRIAN PEREZ MALUF, CNPCa.
Breeding of caffeine-free coffee cultivars require tools for an early selection of progenies bearing this later trait. Genes from caffeine synthesis and degradation represent major targets for the development of molecular markers for assisted selection. In this study, we characterized SNPs identified on the caffeine synthase gene from AC1 mutant, a naturally caffeine-free arabica coffee plant. Molecular analysis of normal and mutant sequences indicates the occurrence of SNPs in protein domains, potentially associated with caffeine synthesis in coffee. Progenies F2, F1BC1 and BC from crosses of AC mutants and elite cultivars were evaluated regarding caffeine content in grains and genomic segregation profile of selected SNPs. Genotyping analysis allowed the discrimination between homozygous and heterozygous plants. Quantification of caffeine content indicated a significant variability among progenies and a low frequency of caffeine-free plants. Statistical analyses of genotyping and phenotyping results showed significant association between presence of selected SNPs and reduced caffeine content. Moreover, this association occurs through all evaluated genetic backgrounds and generations, indicating an inheritance stability of both trait and markers. The molecular markers described here represent a successful case of assistedselection in coffee, indicating their potential use for breeding of caffeine-free cultivars.
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