Morphological and Molecular Identification of Fusarium culmorum and Detection of Trichothecene-Producing Isolates from Infected Wheat in Syria
2020
Zidan, Laila | Saleh, Aghyad | Jawdat, Dana | Naffaa, Walid
Fusarium culmorum is an important pathogen of wheat and known to produce mycotoxins which are potential health hazard for both humans and animals. This study was carried out to identify and characterize 14 Syrian isolates of F. culmorum and to detect trichothecene-producing isolates. The isolates were recovered from crowns and roots of wheat plants, showing typical symptoms, collected from four Syrian provinces. Each isolate was taxonomically identified using both morphological and molecular techniques. The results showed that the most important causal agent of root and crown rot on wheat in the investigated region was identified as F. culmorum based on morphological characteristics, amplification of specific primers and TEF1-α sequences. All fourteen isolates were analyzed by PCR for trichothecene producing ability using Tri-5 gene-based primers. The results showed that all isolates had a Tri-5 gene and amplified the expected DNA fragment of 544 bp. Identification of the Fusarium species that infect wheat in Syria and, what is more important, their ability to produce mycotoxins, is needed to estimate the risk of mycotoxin contamination and to develop strategies to reduce the incidence of Fusarium diseases and mycotoxin contamination of food and feed
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