Do constructed wetlands in grass strips reduce water contamination from drained fields?
2015
Vallée, Romain | Dousset, Sylvie | Schott, François-Xavier | Pallez, Christelle | Ortar, Agnès | Cherrier, Richard | Munoz, Jean-François | Benoît, Marc | Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC) ; Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE) ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo) ; Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Chambre Régionale d'Agriculture de Lorraine (CRA Lorraine [Laxou]) ; Chambre Régionale d'Agriculture Grand Est | Laboratoire d'hydrologie de Nancy (LHN) ; Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES) | Agro-Systèmes Territoires Ressources Mirecourt (ASTER Mirecourt) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | Agence de l'Eau Rhin-Meuse [09A54015]; Zone Atelier Moselle
International audience
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]anglais. This study evaluates the efficiency of two small constructed wetlands installed in the regulatory grass strips between a drained plot and a river. The observed nitrate removal efficiencies were independent of the season or type of constructed wetland and ranged from 5.4 to 10.9% of the inlet amounts. The pesticide mass budgets ranged from −618.5 to 100%, depending on the molecule. The negative efficiencies were attributed to runoff and remobilization. In contrast, the highest efficiencies were associated with pesticides with high Koc and low DT50 (half-life) values, suggesting sorption and degradation. However, the effectiveness of these wetlands is limited for pesticides with low Koc or high DT50 values; thus, the use of these molecules must be reduced. Increasing the number of these small, inexpensive and low-maintenance wetlands in the agricultural landscape would reduce the level of water pollution whilst preserving the extent of cultivated land, but their long-term effectiveness should be evaluated.
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