Current advances in anthocyanins: structure, bioactivity and human health
2021
Liu, He | Zhou, Kang | Jiang, Haiqin | Wen, Liankui | He, Yang | Lu, Siyan | Wang, Bixiang | Li, Jia
Anthocyanins are a class of water-soluble flavonoid compounds, which are widely found in plants. The structure and content of anthocyanins from fruits (137–5 702 mg·kg-1 fresh weight, FW), cereals (363–416 920 mg·kg-1 dry weight, DW) and vegetables (770–3 220 mg·kg-1 FW) are reviewed. The relationship between anthocyanin structure, biological activities (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, bacteriostatic) and disease improvement (cancer, organs injury, diabetes, obesity, eye diseases, neurodegenerative diseases) is discussed. The antioxidant activities of anthocyanins were delphinidin > petunidin > cyanidin > malvidin > peonidin > pelargonidin, and the antioxidant activity of anthocyanins glycosylated only on C3 position was higher than that of anthocyanins glycosylated on both C3 and C5 positions. The anticancer effects of cyanidins and peonidins were stronger than those of malvidins, and the hepatoprotective and antidiabetic effects of cyanidins were stronger than those of peonidins.
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