Application of cryopreservation for chrysanthemum genetic resources conservation
2015
Kulus, D.
Chrysanthemum is among the most popular species on the ornamental plant market. The number of available cultivars is constantly growing and they constitute a valuable breeding material source. However, traditional storage (cultivation in the ground or in the glasshouse) is expensive, work-intensive and threatened with loss due to pests and diseases or bad climate conditions. In vitro long-term storage, on the other hand, may lead to the occurrence of somaclonal variation and material loss due to human errors and development of bacterial/fungal contaminations. Today, cryopreservation (i.e., maintenance of biological material at the temperature of liquid nitrogen; -196°C) is believed to be the most effective long-term storage method. Over time several cryopreservation techniques of chrysanthemum have been developed. The first ones developed were based on slow-cooling. They were, however, expensive since they required the use of expensive equipment and had a limited use to cold-tolerant cultivars. Nowadays, the so-called vitrification-based techniques (focused on rapid freezing of the biological material) are much more used. The aim of this paper is to present the current achievements and problems with chrysanthemum cryopreservation.
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