Ultraviolet illumination induces scoparone production in kumquat and orange fruit and improves decay resistance
1992
Rodov, V. | Ben-Yehoshua, S. | Kim, J.J. | Shapiro, B. | Ittah, Y.
Ultraviolet (UV) illumination (254 nm) induced production of the phytoalexin scoparone in flavedo of kumquat (Fortunella margarita Lour. Swingle cv. Nagami) and orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cvs. Shamouti and Valencia]. Trace amounts of scoparone (<2.0 micrograms.g-1 fresh weight of flavedo) were detected in nontreated fruits. Phytoalexin accumulation in kumquat reached a peak of 530 micrograms.g-1 11 days after illumination, but the amount declined rapidly, returning to a trace level 1 month after treatment. Production of scoparone in illuminated fruits was enhanced by increasing the UV dose from 1.5 X 10(3) to 9.0 X 10(3) J.m-2 for orange and from 0.2 X 10(3) to 1.5 X 10(3) J.m-2 for kumquat and by raising the storage temperature from 2 to 17C. Phytoalexin accumulation correlated with an increase in antifungal activity of flavedo extracts. UV-illuminated kumquat fruit inoculated with Penicillium digitatum Sacc. 2 days after treatment had a lower incidence of decay than the control. Illumination of previously inoculated fruit failed to prevent decay. Kumquat fruit stored at 17C showed signs of UV-induced peel damage. Chemical name used: 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin (scoparone).
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