La voie tryptophane/kynurénine : un lien inédit entre obésité, chirurgie bariatrique et perception orosensorielle des lipides
2022
Bernard, Arnaud | Le May, Cédric | Dastugue, Aurélie | Ayer, Audrey | Blanchard, Claire | Martin, Jean-Charles | Pais de Barros, Jean-Paul | Delaby, Pascaline | Le Bourgot, Cindy | Ledoux, Séverine | Besnard, Philippe
Diet-induced obesity (DIO) reduces the orosensory perception of lipids in rodents and in some humans. Although bariatric surgery partially corrects this alteration, underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. To explore whether metabolic changes might explain this fat taste disturbance, plasma metabolome analyses, two-bottle choice tests and fungiform papillae (Fun) counting were performed in diet-induced obese mice undergone a sleeve gastrectomy (SG-HFD) or a sham-operation (T-HFD). We found that (1) the SG reduces both the plasma neurotoxic signature due to the overactivation of tryptophan/kynurenine (Trp/Kyn) pathway and the failure of fat preference found in T-HFD mice, (2) the activity of Trp/Kyn pathway is negatively correlated to the density of Fun, and (3) the pharmacological inhibition of the Kyn synthesis by the 1methyl-Trp (1MT) mimics in non-operated obese mice (1MT-HFD, n=15 vs. T-HFD, n=15) the positive effects of SG (i.e., reduction of plasma Kyn levels, increaseof Fun number, improvement of the fat taste perception). Altogether these data provide a plausible metabolic explanation to the degradation of orosensory lipid perception observed in obesity.
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