A detailed critical review summarizes and discusses current findings on the effects of foods and food constituents on the behavior of normal children and adults, highlighting consistencies and contradictions in the published literature. Attention is focused on methodological considerations (research design; studies on foods vs. nutrients; time parameters; individual differences; and target behaviors); the general effects of breakfast and lunch; specific behavioral effects (i.e.: activity, aggression, sensory, sleep, mood, and performance behaviors) of tryptophan, carbohydrates, and other serotoninergic interventions; and studies of the effects of other food constituents (tyrosine, protein, choline, lecithin). Important future research directions also are discussed.(wz)
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