Impaired neutrophil function in children with seizures treated with the ketogenic diet
1989
Woody, R.C. | Steele, R.W. | Knapple, W.L. | Pilkington, N.S. Jr
The anticonvulsant effects of ketosis were first reported in 1921 by Geyelin and Wilder. The therapeutic ketogenic diet for epilepsy was achieved by significantly reducing caloric fractions supplied by carbohydrates while increasing those supplied by lipids, thus inducing free fatty acid mobilization and beta oxidation to ketone bodies. Although earlier dietary formulations with animal fats proved unacceptable to many patients, the introduction of medium-chain triglyceride or corn oil as the lipid source in the diet has made the diet more acceptable. Ketosis induced with the therapeutic diet produces metabolic effects similar to those described in ketotic diabetic patients. It follows that alterations of immune function seen in diabetes mellitus might also occur with other causes of ketosis. When severe, recurrent, Staphylococcus aureus skin infections developed in one of our patients treated with the ketogenic diet, we undertook an immunologic evaluation and found significant neutrophil dysfunction, which improved when the ketogenic diet was discontinued. Because of this observation, we examined neutrophil function in other patients receiving the ketogenic diet.
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