Classification of Sunflower Oil Blends Stabilized by Oleoresin Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Using Multivariate Kinetic Approach
2015
Upadhyay, Rohit | Mishra, Hari Niwas
The sunflower oil–oleoresin rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) blends (SORB) at 9 different concentrations (200 to 2000 mg/kg), sunflower oil–tertiary butyl hydroquinone (SOTBHQ) at 200 mg/kg and control (without preservatives) (SOcₒₙₜᵣₒₗ) were oxidized using Rancimat (temperature: 100 to 130 °C; airflow rate: 20 L/h). The oxidative stability of blends was expressed using induction period (IP), oil stability index and photochemiluminescence assay. The linear regression models were generated by plotting ln IP with temperature to estimate the shelf life at 20 °C (SL₂₀; R² > 0.90). Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was used to classify the oil blends depending upon the oxidative stability and kinetic parameters. The Arrhenius equation adequately described the temperature‐dependent kinetics (R² > 0.90, P < 0.05) and kinetic parameters viz. activation energies, activation enthalpies, and entropies were calculated in the range of 92.07 to 100.50 kJ/mol, 88.85 to 97.28 kJ/mol, −33.33 to −1.13 J/mol K, respectively. Using PCA, a satisfactory discrimination was noted among SORB, SOTBHQ, and SOcₒₙₜᵣₒₗ samples. HCA classified the oil blends into 3 different clusters (I, II, and III) where SORB₁₂₀₀ and SORB₁₅₀₀ were grouped together in close proximity with SOTBHQ indicating the comparable oxidative stability. The SL₂₀ was estimated to be 3790, 6974, and 4179 h for SOcₒₙₜᵣₒₗ, SOTBHQ, and SORB₁₅₀₀, respectively. The multivariate kinetic approach effectively screened SORB₁₅₀₀ as the best blend conferring the highest oxidative stability to sunflower oil. This approach can be adopted for quick and reliable estimation of the oxidative stability of oil samples.
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