The effects of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. whole fruit on the sex hormone profile in menopausal women: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study

Menopause is a product of interrupted ovarian activity and decrease in its estradiol production. Herbal medicines as an alternative to hormone therapy are increasingly used by menopausal women. Elaeagnus angustifolia L. (Senjed in Persian) is a well-known herbal remedy with various therapeutic effects according to Iranian traditional medicine which is recommended to relieve the menopausal side effects. The aim of present study was to evaluate the effects of oral intake of whole fruit powder of E. angustifolia on the sex hormones profile in menopausal women.In present double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial, 58 eligible women who were referred to Kamali Women Hospital (Karaj, Iran, 2017) were randomly assigned into herbal medicine (15 g E. angustifolia) and placebo (7.5 g cornstarch +7.5 g isomalt) groups. Initially and after 10 weeks of the treatment, serum levels of estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) hormones were measured.According to between-group analyses, the changes in the studied parameters were not significant between herbal medicine and placebo groups, except for joint pain that improved significantly in herbal medicine group. However, by within-group analysis the levels of FSH and FSH to testosterone showed a significant increase, whereas the level of progesterone decreased significantly after 10 weeks of E. angustifolia consumption.The improvement of the sex hormone profile was not in a full accordance with Iranian folklore after E. angustifolia consumption in the present menopausal participants. However, considering a strong belief on the beneficial effects of E. angustifolia in Iranian folklore, a long-term studies of larger group participants are needed to evaluate the efficacy.