Identification and study of useful germplasm resources for tomato breeding
2016
Brezeanu, P. M. | Brezeanu, C. | Ambarus, S. | Calin, M. | Cristea, T. O. | Draghici, E.
The purpose of this research was to select valuable tomato germplasm in order to develop genotypes for fresh consumption and industrialization, with a broad genetic base: increased productivity (2.5-3.0 kg plant-1), improved quality of fruit (high content of soluble solids, uniformity of fruit shape and color), shape index between 0.98 and 1.02, average weight 150 g fruit-1, with high lycopene content. Thus, we proceeded to identify and collect useful sources of germplasm for a tomato breeding program. The study focused on the physiological processes that occur in fruits during their growth and development, which included the following characteristics: respiratory intensity, content of ethylene, flesh conductivity, total dry content and water content; content of soluble glucides and titratable acidity; content of β-carotene and lycopene; and antioxidant activity. These parameters are involved in tomato quality, transport, and storage resistance. Respiration intensity, ethylene synthesis, and electrical conductivity of flesh tissue have a strong influence on long-term maintenance of good quality and shelf-life. Fruit quality and consumer acceptability in tomatoes are strongly related to the pigment content, concentration of soluble solids, and titratable acidity in the ripened fruits. The size and quality of mature tomatoes are also determined by the accumulation of water and total dry matter. Two of the investigated lines registered a high qualitative index.
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