Screening cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) landraces for resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cumini
2020
Nouraein, Mojtaba | Khavari-Khorasani, Saied | Akhavan, Majid
Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cumini) is a major constraint to production of cumin. To identify sources of resistance to Fusarium wilt, 64 accessions were screened in a field plot heavily infested with Fusarium wilt, in two years. Disease severity, infection type, disease incidence, plant height, days to flowering initiation, seed yield and yield components were measured. The results revealed significant differences among accessions for all studied traits across both experimental years. There was significant variability for resistance to Fusarium wilt disease among cumin accessions. Ten accessions, G1, G2, G3, G6, G7, G8, G15, G16, G17, and G49, were highly resistant with low dead plants. According to principal component (PC) analysis, the first three components explained about 78% of genetic variation in the first year while the first four components explained 83% of total variation in the second year. In the PC1 of both year, disease severity, infection type, disease incidence, biological yield, seed yield and number of umbellets per umbel were the most effective traits. Based on cluster analysis, 64 accessions were divided into five clusters in both years, whereas clusters I and II showed maximum seed yield and some yield components while clusters IV and V indicated maximum disease resistance variables.
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