Mitigating greenhouse gas emissions in subsurface-drained field using RZWQM2
2019
Jiang, Qianjing | Qi, Zhiming | Madramootoo, Chandra A. | Crézé, Cynthia
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agricultural soils are affected by various environmental factors and agronomic practices. The impact of inorganic nitrogen (N) fertilization rates and timing, and water table management practices on N₂O and CO₂ emissions were investigated to propose mitigation and adaptation efforts based on simulated results founded on field data. Drawing on 2012–2015 data measured on a subsurface-drained corn (Zea mays L.) field in Southern Quebec, the Root Zone Water Quality Model 2 (RZWQM2) was calibrated and validated for the estimation of N₂O and CO₂ emissions under free drainage (FD) and controlled drainage with sub-irrigation (CD-SI). Long term simulation from 1971 to 2000 suggested that the optimal N fertilization should be in the range of 125 to 175 kg N ha⁻¹ to obtain higher NUE (nitrogen use efficiency, 7–14%) and lower N₂O emission (8–22%), compared to 200 kg N ha⁻¹ for corn-soybean rotation (CS). While remaining crop yields, splitting N application would potentially decrease total N₂O emissions by 11.0%. Due to higher soil moisture and lower soil O₂ under CD-SI, CO₂ emissions declined by 6% while N₂O emissions increased by 21% compared to FD. The CS system reduced CO₂ and N₂O emissions by 18.8% and 20.7%, respectively, when compared with continuous corn production. This study concludes that RZWQM2 model is capable of predicting GHG emissions, and GHG emissions from agriculture can be mitigated using agronomic management.
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