Endocrine responses to sugar ingestion in man
1980
Bohannon, Nancy V. | Karam, John H. | Forsham, Peter H.
The search for a sugar substitute seems to be focusing on fructose, which is sweeter than glucose and sucrose, but has the same caloric content. The effects of oral ingestion of these 3 substances on plasma levels of glucose, insulin, glucagon, growth hormone and triglycerides were investigated in 9 volunteers in at least 2 separate studies. As with other studies, the plasma glucose rose much less with fructose than glucose or sucrose; insulin response was blunted. Glucagon levels were not seen to decrease. Fructose ingestion did not produce the delayed stimulation of growth hormone release which has been noted in glucose tolerance tests. Plasma triglyceride was comparable to sucrose and glucose in the short term, but longterm studies have shown no overall triglyceride increase. Moderate amounts of fructose in the diet may be useful for patients with reactive hypoglycemia or diabetes; however, possible disadvantages are diarrhea and flatulence with large doses, and triglyceride level increase.
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