Female parliamentarians and environmental performance: the role of the income threshold
2020
Lv, Zhike | Gao, Zhenya | Xu, Ting
This paper investigates whether the effect of female parliamentarians on environmental performance differs by the level of income. To that end, a threshold estimation approach is applied to a panel of 91 countries over the period 2002–2012. The results suggest the existence of income threshold effects in female parliamentarians-environmental performance nexus. Specifically, when it is above the income threshold value, the extent of this positive correlation is much greater than below it. It means that theoretically although the female parliamentarians have a higher awareness of environmental protection and a positive effect on environmental performance than men, the economic development of countries will affect the implementation of this effect. Countries tend to prioritize economic development when income levels are low, only in high-income countries will the proportion of female parliaments significantly improve the country’s environmental performance. These results provide some important implications for policymakers when considering the relationship between female parliamentarians and environmental performance.
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