Orbitides from flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.): A comprehensive review
2019
Shim, Youn Young | Song, Ziliang | Jadhav, Pramodkumar D. | Reaney, Martin J.T.
Bioactive orbitides (linusorbs, LOs) from flaxseed (Linum usitatisssimum L.) contribute to the bitter flavor of flaxseed oil. Methods were developed for the removal of the bitter-flavored [1–8-NαC], [1-(Rs,Ss)-MetO]-linusorb B1 (15) from flaxseed oil and now the extracted LOs can be used in nutraceuticals, and even in drug synthesis. The LOs have potential therapeutic applications and may be used as scaffolds that can be modified for increased utility.This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of LOs with regard to their structure and biological activities. Approaches of isolation, structure determination and chemical modification are also reviewed towards the goal of a variety of applications.The availability of naturally isolated LOs in sufficient quantity for chemical modification will allow the conduct of biological assays with the native compound and its analogues. Due to their biological activity, these compounds have the potential for use in health. The modification of the LOs was necessary in order to study the relationship between orbitide structure and biological function. In addition, native and modified LOs can be used as ligands for production of fluorescent tags, affinity purification columns and antibodies. Analogues of natural products can also be used to probe structure-activity relationship studies and the importance of individual amino acids and functional groups in biological activity. Discoveries could lead to value-added flax products that benefit flax growers and consumers.
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