Ionic Liquid–Poly(lactic acid) Blends as Green Polymer Electrolyte Membranes
2021
Barbosa, Paula C. | Mickalev, Sergey | Barros-Timmons, Ana | Figueiredo, Filipe M.
The need for developing more sustainable electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices prompted us to develop novel bio-based membranes based on poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and imidazolium ionic liquids (ILs) to act as an electrolyte in energy conversion devices, such as fuel cells. PLA membranes based on [C₄C₁im][PF₆] and [C₄C₁im][BF₄] present different morphologies according to the anion nature and high thermal stability (>300 °C). Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy analyses show that [C₄C₁im][BF₄] tends to be isolated inside small pore cavities, which prevents the IL from leaching out of the membranes. Owing to this improved retention capacity of [C₄C₁im][BF₄] and to the hydrophilic character of the IL anion, the PLA–[C₄C₁im][BF₄] blends present conductivity values higher than 0.01 S cm–¹ at 98% RH and 94 °C. The work further demonstrates the operation of a PLA–[C₄C₁im][BF₄]-based oxygen/hydrogen fuel cell with an open-circuit voltage above 0.9 V.
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