Enhanced capacity of fluoride scavenging from contaminated water by nano-architectural reorientation of cerium-incorporated hydrous iron oxide with graphene oxide
2019
Mukhopadhyay, Kankan | Ghosh, Uday Chand | Sasikumar, Palani
An in situ wet chemical deposition method has been applied for the successful surface modification of Ce (IV)-incorporated hydrous Fe(III) oxide (CIHFO) with a hydrophilic graphene precursor, graphene oxide (GO). The surface area of as-prepared composite (GO-CIHFO) has enhanced (189.57 m² g⁻¹) compared with that of pristine CIHFO (140.711 m² g⁻¹) and has irregular surface morphology consisting of microcrystals (~ 2–3 nm) and mesoporous (3.5486 nm) structure. The GO-CIHFO composite shows enhanced fluoride scavenging capacity (136.24 mg F g⁻¹) than GO (3 mg F g⁻¹) and pristine CIHFO (32.62 mg F g⁻¹) at pH 7.0. Also, in acidic pH range and at 323 K temperature, the Langmuir capacity of as-prepared composite is 190.61 mg F g⁻¹. It has been observed that fluoride removal by GO–CIHFO occurs from solutions obeying pseudo-second-order kinetics and multilayer adsorption process. The film/boundary layer diffusion process is also the rate-determining step. The nature of the adsorption reaction is reasonably spontaneous and endothermic in thermodynamic sense. It was observed that 1.2 g.L⁻¹ of GO-CIHFO dosage can effectively optimise the fluoride level of natural groundwater samples (9.05 mg L⁻¹) to the desirable permissible limit. Reactivation of used material up to a level of 73.77% with a solution of alkaline pH has proposed reusability of nanocomposites ensuring sustainability of the proposed material as fluoride scavenger in future.
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