Accumulation of dioxins and induction of cytochrome P450 1A4/1A5 enzyme activities in common cormorants from Lake Biwa, Japan: Temporal trends and validation of national regulation on dioxins emission
2012
Kubota, Akira | Watanabe, Michio X. | Kim, Eun-Young | Yoneda, Kumiko | Tanabe, Shinsuke | Iwata, Hisato
To validate the outcome of the national regulation on dioxins emission implemented in 1999, this study investigated temporal trends of chlorinated dioxins and related compounds (DRCs) in liver of common cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) collected from Lake Biwa, Japan between 2001 and 2008, as a part of the “Survey on the State of Dioxins Accumulation in Wildlife” conducted by the Ministry of the Environment, Japan. We also measured a biomarker of DRCs exposure, the cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A)-dependent O-dealkylation activity of alkoxyresorufins (AROD), including methoxy-, ethoxy-, pentoxy- and benzyloxy-resorufins in the samples over 2001–2007. Neither TEQ nor AROD activity showed any clear declining trend over the time period, although the emission of DRCs during the corresponding period was estimated to be apparently decreasing. Our data indicate that the concentration of recalcitrant DRCs in the cormorant during 2001–2008 was scarcely affected by the national regulation on dioxins emission.
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