Transfer of High Seed Protein to High-Yielding Soybean Cultivars
1987
Wehrmann, V. K. | Fehr, W. R. | Cianzio, S. R. | Cavins, J. F.
An effective breeding strategy is needed for the development of high-protein, high-yielding soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars. This study was conducted to evaluate a backcross strategy for transferring genes for high seed protein from a low-yielding plant introduction to high-yielding lines with a average protein content. Pando, a plant introduction with low yield and about 480 g kg⁻¹ of seed protein was crossed to three high-yielding lines with an average protein content about 400 g kg⁻¹. Selection for high protein was practiced between two generations of backcrossing to the high-yielding parent. After two backcrosses, 95 random BC₂F₂-derived lines from each population were evaluated for seed yield, protein, and oil content in Iowa. None of the BC₂F₂-derived lines equaled the protein content of Pando, but an average of 72% of the lines from the three populations had significantly higher protein than the recurrent parent. On average, about 19% of the BC₂F₂-derived lines with a protein content significantly different (α = 0.05) from the recurrent parent in seed yield. The results indicated that when a low-yielding, high-protein donor parent is utilized. selection for high protein between two backcross generations would effectively increase the seed protein in the backcross progeny above that of the high-yielding recurrent parent and still result in some progeny having a seed yield not significantly different from that parent.
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