Short- and medium-term air pollution exposure, plasmatic protein levels and blood pressure in children
2022
de Prado-Bert, Paula | Warembourg, Charline | Dedele, Audrius | Heude, Barbara | Borràs, Eva | Sabidó, Eduard | Aasvang, Gunn Marit | Lepeule, Johanna | Wright, John | Urquiza, José | Gützkow, Kristine B. | Maitre, Léa | Chatzi, Leda | Casas, Maribel | Vafeiadi, Marina | Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J. | de Castro, Montserrat | Grazuleviciene, Regina | McEachan, Rosemary R.C. | Basagaña, Xavier | Vrijheid, Martine | Sunyer, Jordi | Bustamante, Mariona
Exposure to air pollution influences children's health, however, the biological mechanisms underlying these effects are not completely elucidated. We investigated the association between short- and medium-term outdoor air pollution exposure with protein profiles and their link with blood pressure in 1170 HELIX children aged 6–11 years. Different air pollutants (NO₂, PM₁₀, PM₂.₅, and PM₂.₅ₐbₛ) were estimated based on residential and school addresses at three different windows of exposure (1-day, 1-week, and 1-year before clinical and molecular assessment). Thirty-six proteins, including adipokines, cytokines, or apolipoproteins, were measured in children's plasma using Luminex. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) were measured following a standardized protocol. We performed an association study for each air pollutant at each location and time window and each outcome, adjusting for potential confounders. After correcting for multiple-testing, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and interleukin 8 (IL8) levels were positively associated with 1-week home exposure to some of the pollutants (NO₂, PM₁₀, or PM₂.₅). NO₂ 1-week home exposure was also related to higher SBP. The mediation study suggested that HGF could explain 19% of the short-term effect of NO₂ on blood pressure, but other study designs are needed to prove the causal directionality between HGF and blood pressure.
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