A review of strategies for the management of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) broodfish in seed production systems, especially hapa-based systems
2000
Bhujel, R.C.
Low egg production per spawning and lack of spawning synchrony are the major problems of mass seed production in mouthbrooding tilapias. Collection of eggs or fry from the mouths of incubating females reared in large hapas suspended in fertilized ponds and incubating them artificially has been found to be commercially viable. However, fouling of the hapa is a major problem causing inconsistent performance of broodfish. In addition, other factors influencing with the tilapia seed output in hapa within pond systems are age and the size of the broodfish, feeding and feed management, environmental factors and management techniques. However, information on the factors affecting tilapia seed output is limited and scattered; therefore, this paper discusses the various aspects of management strategies based on the present state of knowledge and explores areas for the future research.
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