Relationships between novel forest damage and the ecological complex of climate and soil factors in all spruce stands of a large forest area in Thuringia | Die Beziehungen neuartiger Waldschäden aller Fichtenbestände eines großen Waldgebietes im Mittleren Thüringer Wald zum ökologischen Komplex der Klima- und Bodenfaktoren
1997
Liebold, E. | Zimmermann, F. | Wienhaus, O.
Analysis of the relations of the actual state of damage (1993) of about 4500 spruce stands to the actual complex of the quantified and stand-specific factors was facilitated by whole-area false-coloured aerial photographs, scale 1 : 5000, of large entire spruce forest highland regions with “novel” forest damage. The chronical stress imposed by air pollution, key factor ozone, is -for the time being hypothetically-derived as a function of the altitude above sea level from the measured values obtained from neighbouring measuring stations. Highly significant, really functional relationships of damage to the velocity of flow of the pollutantclean air mixture, the so-called “air-pollutant flux”, represented by the factors of altitude above sea level, age of stand and reduced stand density, are proved by the analysis. The models of response so formalized in order to quantify the actual state of damage led to the first hypothetical models of medium-term damage prognosis, based upon the presence of the tree species spruce which is diminishing by area as a function of the increasing duration of air pollution stress; the reduction in stand density due to the damage follows the cumulative function of the probability integral after GAUSS, thus a rend of biological relevance. The models of response rely on key factors relevant to practice and offer binding theorems for silvicultural treatment of the present-day large-area spruce forest.
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