Sex-related differences in Japanese patients with peripheral arterial disease
2011
Kumakura, Hisao | Kanai, Hiroyoshi | Araki, Yoshihiro | Kasama, Shu | Sumino, Hiroyuki | Itō, Toshio | Iwasaki, Toshiya | Takayama, Yoshiaki | Ichikawa, Shuichi | Fujita, Kishu | Nakashima, Kuniki | Minami, Kazutomo
OBJECTIVE: The goal of the study was to examine possible sex-related differences in the clinical characteristics and risk factors in Japanese patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). METHODS: Sex-related differences in clinical profiles, risk factors and treatments were examined in 730 consecutive patients with PAD (148 women (20.3%) and 582 men (79.7%)). RESULTS: The mean age of the women was higher than that of the men (73.6±11.2 vs. 70.9±9.1 years old, p=0.002) and the proportion of subjects aged ≥75 years old was also higher in women (P=0.005). Women more frequently had critical limb ischemia (P<0.001) and diabetes mellitus (P=0.026), but less frequent smoking and alcohol intake, compared to men (P<0.001). Total cholesterol (P<0.001) and LDL cholesterol (P=0.014) were higher in women. Fontaine stages were correlated with age, diabetes, cerebral infarction and women (p<0.001). The prevalence of iliac artery lesions was higher in men (p<0.001), whereas that for below the knee lesions was higher in women (p<0.001). The number of affected below the knee arteries was also higher in women than in men (p<0.001). The prevalence of medical treatment was higher in women (P=0.009) and major amputation tended to be higher in women (p=0.056). CONCLUSIONS: Women had more severe symptomatic states and uncontrolled risk factors. The prevalence of iliac artery lesions was lower, but below the knee lesions were more severe in women.
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