Water quality responses to the interaction between surface water and groundwater along the Songhua River, NE China

Teng, Yanguo; Hu, Bin; Zheng, Jieqiong; Wang, Jinsheng; Zhai, Yuanzheng; Zhu, Chen

Water quality responses to the interaction between surface water and groundwater along the Songhua River, NE China | Réponses de la qualité de l’eau aux interactions entre les eaux de surface et les eaux souterraines le long de la rivière Songhua, NE de la Chine Respuestas de la calidad del agua a la interacción entre el agua superficial y subterránea a lo largo del río Songhua, NE de China 中国东北松花江沿岸地表水和地下水相互作用下的水质响应 Respostas da qualidade da água à interação entre águas superficiais e subterrâneas ao longo do Rio Songhua, nordeste da China

2018

Investigation of surface water and groundwater interaction (SW–GW interaction) provides basic information for regional water-resource protection, management, and development. In this survey of a 10-km-wide area along both sides of the Songhua River, northeast China, the hydrogeochemical responses to different SW–GW interactions were studied. Three types of SW–GW interactions were identified—“recharge”, “discharge”, and “flow-through”—according to the hydraulic connection between the surface water and groundwater. The single factor index, principal component analysis, and hierarchical cluster analysis of the hydrogeochemistry and pollutant data illuminated the hydrogeochemical response to the various SW–GW interactions. Clear SW–GW interactions along the Songhua River were revealed: (1) upstream in the study area, groundwater usually discharges into the surface water, (2) groundwater is recharged by surface water downstream, and (3) discharge and flow-through coexist in between. Statistical analysis indicated that the degree of hydrogeochemical response in different types of hydraulic connection varied, being clear in recharge and flow-through modes, and less obvious in discharge mode. During the interaction process, dilution, adsorption, redox reactions, nitrification, denitrification, and biodegradation contributed to the pollutant concentration and affected hydrogeochemical response in the hyporheic zone.

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