The role of dietary calcium in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis
1992
Prince, R.L.
Recent controlled clinical trials of the effect of dietary calcium supplementation in postmenopausal women have uniformly supported the conclusion that increasing calcium intake can slow bone loss at appendicular and axial skeletal sites. Supplementation may be more effective in those with a low calcium intake or when combined with an exercise regimen in those with low bone mass. Calcium has its effect by reducing bone resorption. The effect of dietary calcium on bone is presumably due to the absorbed fraction which is influenced negatively by other dietary factors such as dietary fibre and positively by the circulating concentration of the active form of vitamin D, calcitriol. To improve the efficacy of calcium supplements it will be necessary to optimise absorption. Nevertheless in the light of these recent trials it would be reasonable to increase the Australian recommended dietary intake for postmenopausal women to 1500 mg calcium per day.
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