Interactions between host plant, Aphis fabae, and its natural enemies, Orius albidipennis and Lysiphlebus fabarum in a tritrophic system
2019
Rashedi, Ahmad | Rajabpour, Ali | Rasekh, Arash | Zandi-Sohani, Nooshin
The interactions between two natural enemies (NEs) were studied in a tritrophic system to evaluate the efficacy of simultaneous releases of a parasitoid, Lysiphlebus fabarum Marshal (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and a predator, Orius albidipennis Reuter (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) against Aphis fabae Scopoli (Homoptera: Aphididae). Three experiments were performed to evaluate the prey preference of a predator to parasitized versus unparasitized aphid hosts; to investigate the emission of volatile synomones by the host plant, Vicia fabae, and to determine its behavioral effect on the NEs; and to determine behavioral effect of volatile infochemicals between NEs. Results showed that the female predatory bug did not show significant preference between parasitized and unparasitized aphids, but the male bug had significant preference for parasitized mummies. Olfactometry trials documented that both NEs were significantly attracted to volatile cues released by the host plant infested with the aphid. Each of the NEs avoided odors which indicated the presence of another intraguild competitor. Therefore, simultaneously releases of the NEs are not recommended.
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