Effects of chlorotetracycline on antibiotic resistance genes and the bacterial community during cattle manure composting
2021
Gou, Changlong | Wang, Yuqiong | Zhang, Xiqing | Zhong, Rongzhen | Gao, Yunhang
Chlorotetracycline (CTC) is one of the most antibiotics present in cattle manure. In present study, three levels of CTC (0, 20 and 40 mg kg⁻¹) were added to cattle manure composting systems to investigate its effects on the distribution of antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) and succession of bacterial community. Adding CTC hindered the removal of ARGs during composting; the high level of CTC significantly increased the relative abundance (RA) of 9/11 ARGs and four MGEs. The bacterial community could be clustered according to the composting time under various treatments, with the high level of CTC having a more persistent effect on the bacterial community. Based on redundancy analysis, bacterial community explained the most variation in ARGs (50.1%), whereas based on network analysis, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the main hosts for ARGs. In conclusion, the presence of CTC increased the risks of spreading ARGs in compost products.
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