Rizospheric microorganisms associated with coffee plants (Coffea arabica) and their effects in magnetic fields

The agriculture is influenced by environmental, social, economic and tech factors, having an important role because it produces foods to reduce costs and it increases performance. To do this, it needs to take innovations of other disciplines like physics. Different researchers have shown that magnetic fields can influence on plant growth, however they have not demonstrated its influence on coffee radicular system. The goal of the present work was to study the magnetic influence on microbial activity, especially in fungi and bacteria rizospherical of coffee crop (Coffea arabica), and on their root system. The experiment was done with the following evaluations: 0 (control), 150, 300 and 400 milliteslas (mT), at the Horticulture Institute greenhouse and at the soil microbiology lab in Soil Department, both in the Chapingo University. Soil samples and coffee plants were brought from North Puebla's coffee region. The experimental design was completely random to root growth and microbial activity, while a factorial design was employed to the number of colonies. The results indicated that root growth was greater at 300 mT, however, it reduced when magnetic field intensity increased. About the fungi growth, the magnetic influence, their development, in contrast to the reduction of the bacterial colonies due to them was inhibited. Regarding microbial activity in soil, to 400 mT this was increased. Finally, samples of leaves with symptoms of rust (H. vastatrix) were collected. Subsequently, the obtained fungal isolates were characterized microscopically and compared with the morphological characteristics of the coffee rust fungus. The obtained fungi were subjected to the same intensities of magnetic fields observing that there is an effect on the development of fungi since over time; some characteristics of fungi such as color and shape, vary according to the intensity of the magnetic field, different from the control, which only had fungi of the same color.