The Effect of Nixtamalization Extrusion Process and Tortillas Making on the Stability of Anthocyanins from Blue Corn through the Kinetic and Thermodynamic Parameters
2021
Menchaca-Armenta, Mariela | Frutos, María José | Ramírez-Wong, Benjamín | Quintero-Ramos, Armando | Torres-Chávez, Patricia Isabel | Valero-Cases, Estefanía | Muelas-Domingo, Raquel | Ledesma-Osuna, Ana Irene | Campas-Baypoli, Olga Nydia
The blue corn-based products are considered functional foods due to their high concentration of anthocyanins. The aim of this study was to estimate the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the thermal degradation of anthocyanins from extruded nixtamalized corn products. A comparative study of anthocyanins thermal stability in these matrices in a buffer solution (pH 2.5) was investigated at different temperatures (60, 75 or 90 °C). Results showed the mechanism of anthocyanins degradation followed first-order reaction kinetics. The values of the reaction rate constant (k) were found to be in a range of 0.027–0.037 h⁻¹ at 60 °C, 0.107–0.113 h⁻¹ at 75 °C and 0.340–0.354 h⁻¹ at 90 °C. The higher the k value was, the shorter the half-life time and D-value. The activation energy (Ea) and z-values were in the range of 75.1–89.2 kJ/mol and 28.8–35.1 °C, respectively. The coefficient Q₁₀ indicated the reaction rate approximately doubles with every 10 °C temperature increase. ∆H, ∆S and ∆G indicated the degradation of anthocyanins was an endothermic and nonspontaneous reaction. Even the major susceptibility of the anthocyanins in extruded nixtamalized corn products at the time–temperature combination applied, there was not difference between flour and tortilla, this imply that most of the anthocyanins were degraded during the nixtamalization extrusion process and no significative further degradation occur in the cooking step. This study provides and advance in the knowledge on the effect of nixtamalization extrusion process and tortillas making on the stability of anthocyanins from blue corn. However, further studies are needed.
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