Remotely sensed MODIS wetland components for assessing the variability of methane emissions in Indian tropical/subtropical wetlands
2018
Bansal, Sangeeta | Katyal, Deeksha | Saluja, Ridhi | Chakraborty, Monojit | Garg, J.K.
Temperature and area fluctuations in wetlands greatly influence its various physico-chemical characteristics, nutrients dynamic, rates of biomass generation and decomposition, floral and faunal composition which in turn influence methane (CH₄) emission rates. In view of this, the present study attempts to up-scale point CH₄ flux from the wetlands of Uttar Pradesh (UP) by modifying two-factor empirical process based CH₄ emission model for tropical wetlands by incorporating MODIS derived wetland components viz. wetland areal extent and corresponding temperature factors (Fₜ). This study further focuses on the utility of remotely sensed temperature response of CH₄ emission in terms of Fₜ. Fₜ is generated using MODIS land surface temperature products and provides an important semi-empirical input for up-scaling CH₄ emissions in wetlands. Results reveal that annual mean Fₜ values for UP wetlands vary from 0.69 (2010–2011) to 0.71(2011–2012). The total estimated area-wise CH₄ emissions from the wetlands of UP varies from 66.47Ggyr⁻¹with wetland areal extent and Fₜ value of 2564.04km² and 0.69 respectively in 2010–2011 to 88.39Ggyr⁻¹with wetland areal extent and Fₜ value of 2720.16km² and 0.71 respectively in 2011–2012. Temporal analysis of estimated CH₄ emissions showed that in monsoon season estimated CH₄ emissions are more sensitive to wetland areal extent while in summer season sensitivity of estimated CH₄ emissions is chiefly controlled by augmented methanogenic activities at high wetland surface temperatures.
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