Responses of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) cultivars to in vitro-induced phosphorus stress
2019
Balogun, Hamedat M. | Opabode, Jelili T.
Rapid identification of phosphorus (P) stress-tolerant cassava varieties by in vitro and molecular screening is essential for sustainable food production. The objectives of this study were to describe morphological and molecular responses of 10 cassava cultivars to in vitro-induced P stress and identify P-stress-tolerant ones. Plantlets were raised from nodal segments on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing either P or no P (control). The ѕtudу was conducted as a 2 × 10 factorial arrangement using a randomized complete-block design with thrее rерliсаtеѕ. On P-stress medium, TMS 01/1371 did not produce roots, TMS 94/0039 produced roots after three weeks, and MM 96/1751, MM 98/3437, TMS 01/0040, TMS 30040, TMS 84/00353, TMS 91934, TMS 92B/00061, and TMS 94/0026 produced roots after six weeks. Phosphorus-stress treatment reduced number of leaves, number of roots, and number of shoots by 41.8%, 214.7%, 139.2%, respectively. Similarly, P-stress treatment decreased dry weight (DW) of TMS 01/0040, TMS 01/1371, TMS 84/00353, TMS 91934, TMS 92B/00061, and TMS94/0026 by an average of 10.2%. However, P-stress treatment increased DW of MM 96/1751, MM 98/3437 and TMS 94/0039 by an average of 8.4%; P-stress treatment had no effect on DW of TMS 30040. Expression of MeWRKY gene was higher in roots than in leaves of all cultivars by an average of 88.1%. Stress tolerance index relative to P showed that MM 96/1751, MM 98/3437, TMS 94/0039, and TMS 30040 were P-stress tolerant and therefore recommended for breeding and for production to farmers.
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