Green Algae Genomics: A Mitochondrial Perspective
2012
Rodríguez-Salinas, Elizabeth | Remacle, Claire | González-Halphen, Diego
Organelle genomics has provided a new perspective for studying the evolution of green algae, mainly by allowing high throughput inter- and intra-species analyses. Therefore, the number of fully sequenced nuclear, chloroplast, and mitochondrial genomes for green algae is continuously expanding. Comparative studies of mitochondrial genomes have revealed an enormous diversity in genome organization, structure, and gene content. Analyses have provided clues to gene transfer events from the mitochondrion to the nucleus, as well as to gene acquisitions that have taken place during the evolutionary history of green algae. This review focuses on the diversity observed among the mitochondrial genomes of green algae that have been sequenced. This information, along with several chloroplast genomes and an ever-growing number of fully sequenced nuclear genomes, will help us eventually understand the still obscure phylogenetic relationships among green algae, the cross-talk between their organelles (nucleus, chloroplast and mitochondria), and the genetic basis of the extraordinary metabolic plasticity of chlorophytes.
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