Seasonal Surface Runoff Losses of Nutrients and Metals from Soils Fertilized with Broiler Litter and Commercial Fertilizer
1999
Wood, B. H. | Wood, C. W. | Yoo, K. H. | Yoon, K. S. | Delaney, D. P.
While elevated concentrations of N and P have been observed in surface runoff from broiler litter-amended fields, impacts of other nutrients in broiler litter such as Ca, K, Mg, Mn, Cu, and Zn have not been identified. A study was conducted on a 4% slope during 1991 to 1993 at Belle Mina, AL, on a Decatur silty clay (clayey, kaolinitic, thermic Rhodic Paleudult) to determine effects of broiler litter (BL) on seasonal transport losses of nutrients and heavy metals in surface water. A corn (Zea mays L.)-winter rye (Secale cereale L.) cropping system was fertilized with either: (i) 9 Mg BL ha⁻¹ (BL9), (ii) 18 Mg BL ha⁻¹ (BL18), or (iii) commercial fertilizer at the recommended rate (CF). Runoff water samples were collected after each runoff producing rainfall event. Litter treatments decreased sediment flow-weighted concentrations during the second corn growing season owing to residual broiler litter. Flow-weighted concentrations of NO₃-N and NH₄-N were highest under BL18 during the second corn season. Total P and dissolved P flow-weighted concentrations and seasonal transport losses were highest under BL18 during the second corn season. Sediment nutrient flow-weighted concentrations of K, Mg, and Mn were highest under CF during the second corn season. Dissolved nutrient flow-weighted concentrations of Ca, K, and Mg were highest under BL18 during the second corn season. Nutrient flow-weighted concentrations, except Ca, from all treatments provide adequate levels to support algae growth. Contribution of the Dep. of Agronomy and Soils, Auburn Univ. and the Alabama Agric. Exp. Stn.
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