Effects of high fiber breakfasts on glucose metabolism in noninsulin-dependent diabetics
1984
Parsons, Susan R.
Extract: Dietary fiber in noninsulin-dependent diabetics, the major North American diabetic population, was investigated using modest fiber increases as a strategy to promote dietary adherence. Once weekly over a 3-week period, five lean, diet-controlled noninsulin-dependent diabetics ingested 1 of 3 isocaloric, isocarbohydrate breakfasts (337 kcal, 49 g carbohydrate), differing primarily in dietary fiber: 3 g bran (control), 17 g bran (B), or 18 g bran and fruit (BF). B and BF were higher in protein than control; BF contained more sugar than B and control. Compared to control, B reduced plasma glucose over 180 minutes; BF did not. The peak blood glucose rise after BF was lower than control whereas no effect was seen with B. B reduced xylose absorption suggesting a reduced rate of glucose absorption; BF did not. Insulin, growth hormone, and glucagon values did not differ. This study suggests significant plasma glucose reductions with bran or bran and whole apple; other nutrient differences (higher protein in fiber meals, higher sugar with whole apple meal) might also be related. Further research is indicated to clarify these responses and extend the data to obese noninsulin-dependent diabetics. (author)
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