Effects of vernalization on certain varieties of oats
1938
Taylor, J.W. | Coffman, F.A.
Six oat varieties were vernalized in each of 4 years. Two were winter varieties, three were intermediate in growth habit, and one was a spring variety. Winter and intermediate varieties require a period of cool temperatures for normal growth and development. It is probable that the red oat varieties, Fulghum and Red Rustproof, should be planted in the spring when the average minimum temperature is about 40 degrees to 45 degrees F. The vernalization of oat seed hastened the heading date 2 to 10 days in the varieties with a low temperature requirement. An average shortening of the period from seeding to heading of 6 days, due to vernalization, was obtained in these varieties during the 4 years. Spring oats showed no hastening of heading, the Iogold variety having been retarded by vernalization in certain years. Frazier, Nortex, and Fulghum (C. I. 2499), on the average, yielded higher from the vernalized seed than from untreated seed. The greatest increase occurred in Nortex in which the average yield was over 20% higher. Lee and Fulghum (C. I. 708), as well as the spring variety Iogold, showed decreased yields from vernalization. The 4-year average yield from untreated seed of the spring variety, Iogold, was the same as the average of the five winter and intermediate types after vernalization. Spring oats sown early outyielded all of the vernalized oats and fall-sown oats yielded about 20% more grain than the highest yielding vernalized variety. Vernalization greatly reduced the occurrence of oat smut. Iogold, in the 3 years that smut occurred, had an average of 4.6% smutted panicles per row as compared with but one smutted panicle in the vernalized rows in all 3 years.
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