Antiplasmodial Medicinal Plants: A Literature Review on Efficacy, Selectivity and Phytochemistry of Crude Plant Extracts
2018
Haradīpa Kaura, | Mukhtar, Hayat Mohammad | Singh, Amandeep | Mahajan, Ankush
Global reporting of 5 million more malaria cases in 2016 comparative to 211 million cases reported in 2015 makes malaria overwhelming parasitic disease caused by Plasmodium falciparum. The increased drug resistance and failure of currently available malaria treatment symbolize the urgent need of exploring new drug entities from plant biodiversity. The purpose of this review is to identify the plant crude extracts from literature which exhibited pronounced antiplasmodial activity and good selectivity index. For this, relevant literature of last seven years from Scopus, PubMed and google scholar was collected. Datasheet of 221 plant extracts displaying variation in antiplasmodial activity was prepared. Plant extracts were categorized into different classes on the basis of their antiplasmodial activity. It was observed that 14 plant extracts exhibited pronounced antiplasmodial activity with IC₅₀ ≤ 5 μg/ml. Out of these Clerodendrum rotundifolium and Microglossa pyrifolia leaves extract showed highest activity against both chloroquine-sensitive and resistant strains of Plasmodium.
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