Elevation of intracellular Zn²⁺ level by nanomolar concentrations of triclocarban in rat thymocytes
2012
Morita, Junpei | Teramachi, Aoi | Sanagawa, Yosuke | Toyson, Saramaiti | Yamamoto, Hiroshi | Oyama, Yasuo
It was recently reported that nanomolar concentrations of triclocarban, an antimicrobial agent, were detected in human blood after the use of soap containing triclocarban. Due to the widespread use of triclocarban in adult and infant personal care products, the report prompted us to study its cytotoxicity. The cytotoxicity of triclocarban was examined in rat thymocytes by using a cytometric technique with propidium iodide for examining cell lethality, FluoZin-3-AM for monitoring the intracellular Zn²⁺ level, and 5-chloromethylfluorescencein diacetate for estimating the cellular content of non-protein thiol. The incubation with triclocarban at nanomolar concentrations (50–500nM) for 1h did not affect cell lethality but significantly elevated the intracellular Zn²⁺ level. The elevation of the intracellular Zn²⁺ level by triclocarban was not significantly dependent on external Zn²⁺ level. There was a negative correlation (r=−0.9225) between the effect on the intracellular Zn²⁺ level and that on the cellular content of non-protein thiol. These results suggest that nanomolar concentrations of triclocarban decrease the cellular content of non-protein thiol, leading to intracellular Zn²⁺ release. Since zinc plays physiological roles in mammalian cells, the percutaneous absorption of triclocarban from soap may, therefore, affect some cellular functions.
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