Chemical composition, phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of Haloxylon scoparium extracts
2020
Haida, S. | Kribii, A. | Kribii, A.
This work is part of the valorization of the Haloxylon scoparium plant, belonging to the Chenopodiaceae family and native to southeastern of Morocco. The aim of the present work is to study the chemical composition of this plant, to estimate the phenolic compounds contents of its extracts and to evaluate their antioxidant powers. After extraction by maceration of the aerial and root part of Haloxylon scoparium, the extracts obtained are fractionated by liquid–liquid extraction using solvents of different polarities. The best extraction yield is obtained in the aerial part 23.54% against 10.99% for the root part. The analysis carried out by the coupling of gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC–MS) shows that the root part contains mainly carbohydrates, however the aerial part consists mainly of alkaloids. The total polyphenol content obtained in the root part 69.86 mg/gEAG (mg/g of gallic acid) is significantly higher than that in the aerial part 56.79 mg/g EAG. The hydrolysable tannins are the predominant polyphenols of the root part of Haloxylon scoparium corresponding to 83.87 mg/g EAT (mg/g of tannic acid). The antioxidant activity of the various extracts obtained is evaluated by two methods: the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl) free radical scavenging test and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The examination of the inhibitory concentration values shows that the butanolic extract of the root part is the most active with values of IC₅₀ = 0.06 mg/mL and IC₀.₅ = 0.19 mg/mL respectively for the DPPH and FRAP tests. The other extracts also showed a very interesting potential as antioxidants.
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