Kidney-on-a-Chip Technology for Drug-Induced Nephrotoxicity Screening
2016
Wilmer, Martijn J. | Ng, Chee Ping | Lanz, Henriëtte L. | Vulto, Paul | Suter-Dick, Laura | Masereeuw, Rosalinde
Improved model systems to predict drug efficacy, interactions, and drug-induced kidney injury (DIKI) are crucially needed in drug development. Organ-on-a-chip technology is a suitable in vitro system because it reproduces the 3D microenvironment. A kidney-on-a-chip can mimic the structural, mechanical, transport, absorptive, and physiological properties of the human kidney. In this review we address the application of state-of-the-art microfluidic culturing techniques, with a focus on culturing kidney proximal tubules, that are promising for the detection of biomarkers that predict drug interactions and DIKI. We also discuss high-throughput screening and the challenges for in vitro to in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) that will need to be overcome for successful implementation.
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