Metabolites composition and variation in processing waste of water chestnut

Zhang, Zhou; He, Yaqiong; Wang, Meng; Lu, Ruili; Bao, Guanhu; Luo, Feifei; Hu, Fenglin

Metabolites composition and variation in processing waste of water chestnut

2019

There are fourteen compounds tentatively identified from fresh processing waste of different ripened water chestnut (WC) by using high performance liquid chromatography combined with diode array detector and high resolution mass spectrometer (HPLC‐DAD‐HRMS). The chromatographic profiles show that most of the chemical components of the peels are similar in various ripening stages but the contents increase significantly during ripening. The most abundant metabolite is chlorogenic acid which increased more than four times and reached 3.046 mg g⁻¹ in the peel of fully ripened WC. The second biggest peak is at retention time 1.82 min. The peak in half ripened WC is a combined compound of sucrose and quinic acid which is probably an intermediate product of the cell walls of WC. It is mainly a trisaccharide in near ripened WC, and mainly a tetrasaccharide in fully ripened WC. Peel of fully ripened WC contains all the above compounds, stachyose, coumaroylquinic acid, feruloylquinic acid, feruloylmalic acid, 6,7,3′,4′‐tetrahydroxyaurone, 3,3′,4′,5,7,8‐hexahydroxyflavan, tectorigenin, luteolin, apigenin, rhamnocitrin and dihydrokaempferide. All the above metabolites except the last six flavonoids and chlorogenic acid are the first time reported from WC. Bud of WC contains the same metabolites as the peel. Puchiin contains much less metabolites and the content of chlorogenic acid is only 0.013 mg g⁻¹. Most of the metabolites are bioactive compounds associated with the health function of WC. Because that peel and bud of the fully ripened WC not only possess 94.44% of the total processing waste but also contain all the bioactive compounds, they have great potential for metabolites utilisation.

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