Physicochemical characterization of flours and starches derived from selected underutilized roots and tuber crops grown in Sri Lanka
2022
Chiranthika, N.N.G. | Chandrasekara, A. | Gunathilake, K.D.P.P.
Underutilized roots and tuber crops have the potential to commercialize and contribute to the regular diet of the consumers. These crops provide several nutrients and health benefits, besides, to serve as major sources of carbohydrates. This study was aimed to characterize the flours and starches of Dioscorea alata (Kahata-ala-KA and Hingurala-H), Dioscorea esculenta (Java-ala-JA), Lasia spinosa and Nelumbo nucifera concerning compositional, functional and morphological parameters. The composition of carbohydrates, starch granular morphology and functional properties of selected roots and tubers were analyzed. The total dietary fiber and resistant starch contents were in the range of 6.83 ± 0.66–39.42 ± 0.74% and 4.65 ± 0.56–9.54 ± 0.71 respectively on a dry weight basis. The shapes of starch granules of D. alata, D. esculenta, L. spinosa and N. nucifera were spherical, polygonal, elongated and round to elongate respectively. There were considerable variations in total starch, total dietary fiber, resistant starch, amylose and amylopectin, water holding capacity, oil holding capacity, swelling power, water solubility and gelatinization parameters among five varieties. All tested varieties showed a considerable amount of dietary fiber and resistant starch contents that could lead to health benefits along with preferable functional properties that favorable for food product formulation.
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